In 2023, the South African Reserve Bank unveiled redesigned banknotes that gave the Big Five animals a “family makeover” while retaining their iconic place on the country’s currency. Each denomination of the South African Rand (ZAR) features one of the Big Five (“Big 5”) animals, showcasing not only their beauty but their significance to the country’s economy and people.
First introduced in 1992, following the end of Apartheid, South Africa’s Big Five series of banknotes have become a beloved addition to the Rand currency. Let’s take a closer look at the Big Five animals and their unique representation on South Africa’s banknotes.
The Rhinoceros (Featured on South Africa’s R10 Banknote)
The White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) is featured on South Africa’s R10.00 (ten rand) banknotes. The ‘green note’ features two rhinos, a mother and its calf, signifying the strength and unity of familial bonds in South Africa.
Rhinos are large, sturdy animals and represent strength and resilience in many traditional African cultures. They are also a prominent member of South Africa’s Big 5, making them one of the most famous and sought after wildlife sightings in the country.
Sadly, rhinos are critically endangered due to poaching for their horns. Despite various anti-poaching efforts, these sturdy creatures are surprisingly vulnerable. During 2023, 499 rhinos were poached across South Africa. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect these magnificent creatures, and their depiction on the R10.00 banknote serves as an ever-present reminder to protect South Africa’s wildlife heritage.
The Elephant (Featured on South Africa’s R20 Banknote)
The African Elephant is the largest land animal in the world. Featured on South Africa’s R20 (twenty rand) banknote, the African Bush Elephant (a sub-species of the African Elephant) is a highly social and intelligent creature.
Growing over 4 metres tall (13 feet) and weighing between 3 to 6 tonnes (5000 to 13,000 pounds), these impressive animals really put the ‘big’ in the big five.
Most famous for their long trunks and ivory tusks, African elephants are a proud and prominent figure in South Africa’s wildlife heritage. Elephants are also known for their matriarchal social structures and complex emotional behaviours, making them a symbol of love, wisdom and strength.
Fun Fact:
Did you know that South Africa’s National Coat of Arms, first introduced on Freedom Day, 27 April 2000, features two pairs of elephant tusks curving inwards – forming the sides of the shield or “coat of arms”.
The Lion (Featured on South Africa’s R50 Banknote)
The African Lion (Panthera leo) is featured on South Africa’s R50 (fifty rand) banknote. The ‘King of the Jungle” is the apex predator in South Africa’s wild and represents courage, strength and loyalty.
Lions are usually at the top of everyone’s safari bucket list and are a major draw for tourism and Big Five safaris tours in Southern Africa.
These incredible big cats are highly social creatures and live in groups called “prides”. Male lions are, perhaps, best known for their long manes (hair) and powerful roars that can be heard up to 8 kilometres away. Their presence on South Africa’s R50.00 banknotes is a testament to their importance and national symbolism of power, family bonds and leadership.
The Buffalo (Featured on South Africa’s R100 Banknote)
The African Buffalo, a formidable-looking herbivore, is featured on the R100 (one-hundred rand) banknote. The Southern Savanna Buffalo and Cape Buffalo, which are both sub-species of the African Buffalo, are found in South Africa. Hardy and able to survive in the country’s harshest terrains, these grazing-machines live in large herds of up to 1000 or more buffalo.
Did you know that buffalos are the most feared of all the Big Five animals? They are said to have killed more hunters in Africa than any other animal. Known for their unpredictable nature and impressive horns, buffalo are symbols of strength, tenacity and enduring survival.
Their inclusion on South Africa’s R100 paper currency highlights their role in the natural ecosystem and the respect they command within the Big Five.
The Leopard (Featured on South Africa’s R200 Banknote)
The African Leopard is a stealthy and nocturnal big cat, featured on the R200 (two-hundred rand) banknote. Easily recognised for their incredible ‘rosette’ spotted coats, leopards possess incredible strength and can drag large prey (weighing up to three times their own body weight) up trees over 6 metres (20 feet) tall.
Although leopards are agile tree climbers, capable of hunting and napping in trees, they do not live in trees. Leopards are solitary and elusive animals with expansive territories, making them one of the most challenging Big Five animals to see in the wild.
Their depiction on the highest denomination banknote pays homage to their elegance, symbolism and high value in traditional South African cultures.
Also Read: the Story of the Big Five, Africa’s Most Wanted
Look out for the Big Five Animals on South Africa’s Banknotes
Next time you’re holding a South African banknote, be sure to take a look at the incredible artistry and designs, from the iconic picture of Nelson Mandela to the family depictions of the Big Five animals (lion, elephant, buffalo, rhino and leopard).
But, wildlife seekers, tourists and local South Africans have the incredible opportunity to see the Big Five animals in national parks, private conservancies and game reserves all over the country – not just on the the country’s banknotes.
See South Africa’s Big Five Up-close and In-person
As Cape Town’s closest Big Five safari destination, Aquila Private Game Reserve and Spa is proud to be on the frontlines of conservation and wildlife rehabilitation in the Western Cape.
For the ultimate Big Five day trip safari or overnight safari adventure that fits perfectly in your Cape Town city itinerary, book now or browse our seven different day tour options to see South Africa’s iconic Big 5 animals all in a day’s safari.
FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About South Africa’s Banknotes
Which animals are on South Africa’s banknotes?
South Africa’s banknotes feature the Big Five animals: the rhinoceros (R10), elephant (R20), lion (R50), buffalo (R100) and leopard (R200). The 2023 redesign introduced “family” depictions, showing each animal with its young.
Why are the Big Five animals used on the currency?
The Big Five represent South Africa’s natural heritage, cultural identity and tourism economy. Their images celebrate their ecological importance and raise awareness about wildlife conservation.
When were the Big Five banknotes first introduced?
The series was first launched in 1992, shortly before the end of Apartheid. The Big Five have remained part of the currency ever since.
Which animal is on the R10 note?
The R10 note features the White Rhinoceros, shown with a calf. It highlights the species’ vulnerability and the urgent need for continued conservation.
Which animal is on the R20 note?
The R20 note displays the African Elephant. This design celebrates their intelligence, social behaviour and symbolic role in South Africa’s cultural identity.
Why is the lion on the R50 banknote?
As the apex predator and an enduring symbol of courage and leadership, the African Lion appears on the R50 note. Its presence reflects South Africa’s deep connection to its wildlife.
Why is the buffalo featured on the R100 note?
The African Buffalo appears on the R100 note due to its strength, resilience and significance within the Big Five. Known for their unpredictability and formidable horns, buffalo represent endurance and unity.
What animal is on the R200 note?
The R200 note features the African Leopard, an elusive and solitary big cat. Its inclusion on the highest denomination note reflects its rarity, beauty and cultural symbolism.
Can I see these animals in the wild in South Africa?
Yes. The Big Five can be seen in national parks, private reserves and conservancies across the country.
Where can I see the Big Five near Cape Town?
Aquila Private Game Reserve & Spa is the closest Big Five Safari to Cape Town. Visitors can enjoy day trips and overnight stays with the chance of seeing lion, elephant, buffalo, rhino and leopard.
